The Court of Queen's Bench consists of the Chief Justice, the Associate Chief Justice, and 61 other justices who are federally appointed in the same manner as outlined above in relation to justices of the Court of Appeal. In addition, there are seven Masters in Chambers in this court who are provincially appointed. There are also supernumerary justices.

The Court of Queen's Bench sits on a regular basis in 11 locations and sits on certain specified days in another two locations.

The Court of Queen's Bench is a superior court of civil and criminal jurisdiction. It holds jury trials for both criminal and civil matters and it can hear civil trials for damages, regardless of the amount. It also handles matters such as divorces, adoptions, foreclosures, and bankruptcies, in addition to matters relating to wills and estates. Applications under the Dependent Adults Act are also made in the Court of Queen's Bench.

Court of Queen's Bench justices are appointed to their position until they are age 75.

Complaints regarding a justice of the Court of Queen's Bench are dealt with by the Canadian Judicial Council.